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AllAAAabdominal aortic aneurysmaccessory pathwayaclsaction potentialacute ischaemiaadenosineadrenalineadrenergic receptor agonistsage-adjusted d-dimeramiamiodaroneand pulseless activity or asystole.antigoagulationAortic Thoracic Dissectionarrhythmiaarrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasiaasystoleatrial activityatrial fibrillationatrial fibrillation and wolfs-parkinson-whiteatrial flutter and wolfs-parkinson-whiteatypical chest painav dissociationballoon pumpbenign early depolarisationBERbiphasic T wavesBoston syncope rulebraggedbrugada signbrugada syndromebundle branch blocksbundle of kentcanadian syncope risk scorecapture beatscardiac arrestcardiac chest paincardiac MRIcardiac myocytescardiac pacingcardiac physiologycardiac tamponadecardiac shockcardiomyopathycardiopulmonary resuscitationcariogenic shockcauses of bigeminychest paincomplete heart blockcomplete heart block treatmentcongenital heart conditionscontrast induced nephropathycoved ecgcrashing atrial fibrillationcriteria for VTcritical LAD stenosisCTPAD-dimerd-dimer cut-offd-dimer for pulmonary embolismde Winter T wavesde Winter's T wavesdecade adjusted d-dimerdeep venous thrombosisdefecation syncopedefibrillationdextrocardiadiabetes and chest paindobutaminedopaminedouble sequential external defibrillationdrugs in pregnancyDVTecg of syncopeECG's of Syncopeelectrolytesendomyocardial biopsyescape rhythmsfish hookfriction rubfusion beatsGRACEheart failureHeart ScorehyperkalaemiaHyperkalaemia ecghypertrophic cardiomyopathyhypothermiainotropes for atrial fibrillationinverted U wavejosephson's signLeft ventricular ejection fractionlethargy in the elderlylewis leadlimb lead reversallong QTloss of P wavelow risk chest painlow risk pulmonary embolismmagnesium sulphatemalperfusion syndromeManagement of wolfs-parkinson-whitemassive PEmechanical over ventilationmicturition syncopeMOPETT TrialMoritz IMoritz IImyocarditismyopericarditisneurocardiogenic syncopeNOACnon-cardiac chest painnon-sustained ventricular tachycardianoradrenalineOasis risk scoreorthostatic hypotensionoutflow obstructionpacemaker malfunctionpacingpaediatric cardiologypaediatric ecgPEITHO TrialpericarditisperimyocarditsPESIPESIT studyphase 0phase 1phase2pleuritic painpointpolymorphic tachycardiaPEPEApeaked T wavespediatric cardiologypericardial effusionposition of pain in thoracic dissectionpr depressionPR interval prolongationpre-excitationpregnancypresyncopeprocainamideprocainamide vs amiodaronePROCAMIOpseudo ST elevationpseudo-STEMIPseudo-Wellen's Syndromepseudo-Wellenspulmonary embolismpulseless electrical activityPURSUITQRS prolongationquadrigeminyrabbit's earrapid rule out chest painrefluxright arm painright heart strainrisk factorsrisk factors for thoracic dissectionrisk stratificationrunaway pacemakerS1Q3T3saddle-backsan francisco syncope rulesegmental thrombusseizureshockshortness of breathsituational syncopespiked helmet signSpodick SignSpodick's SignSTEMISTEMI equivalentsstroke risk in atrial fibrillationsubarachnoid haemorrhagesubmassive PEsudden collapsesudden loss of consciousnesssupraventricular tachycardiasupreventricular tachycardiasustained VTSVTSVT with a LBBBSVT with Aberrancysymptoms of syncopesyncopesyncope in childrensyncope in the elderlysyncope plussyncope scoressystolic murmust wave inversiont wave inversion in childrentall U wavetension pneumothoraxThe Rose scorethoracic aortic dissectionthrombolysis in PETIMITIMI ScoreTP linetransvenous pacingtreatment of ventricular tachycardiatrigeminytrio-ventricular re-entry tachycardiatroponintype A wellnesstypeB Wellensu waveunstable atrial fibrillationupright T wave in V1V/Qvagal manoeuvrevagal manoeuvresvast-vagalvenous thromboembolismventricular bigeminyventricular tachycardiaverapamilVTVT treatmentVT vs SVT with AberrancyWellen's SyndromeWellens waveswidened mediastinumWidow makerwolf parkinson whitewolff-parkinson-whiteWPW with antidromic Conduction“sine wave” configurationCardiovascular
Should we anticoagulate Intermediate risk patients with AF
Should we anticoagulate Intermediate risk patients with AF?Uncategorized

Should we anticoagulate Intermediate risk patients with AF?

Should We Anticoagulate Intermediate-Risk AF? Atrial fibrillation clearly increases stroke risk, but what should we…
Cardiac Bootcamp Course
AF and mitral stenosis: A killer combination for embolism?Atrial FibrillationBlogCardiology

AF and mitral stenosis: A killer combination for embolism?

Are patients with valvular atrial fibrillation(AF), at high risk of stroke if we cardiovert them?…
Cardiogenic Shock
Cardiogenic ShockBlogCardiac ResuscitationShock

Cardiogenic Shock

Cardiogenic Shock Jul 31, 2026 Cardiogenic shock is associated with a 30-day mortality of 40–50%. There are few…
nonspecific t-wave abnormality
Impact of time to Defibrillation on ROSCBlogResuscitation

Impact of time to Defibrillation on ROSC

Impact of time to Defibrillation on ROSC The rates of Pulseless Electrical Activity (PEA) in…
reperfusion arrhythmia ecg
Is Presyncope as Serious as Syncope?BlogSyncope

Is Presyncope as Serious as Syncope?

Is Presyncope as Serious as Syncope? Syncope has three components: (15 minutes read) Loss of…
emergency education
D-Dimer focused testing for PEBlogpulmonary embolism

D-Dimer focused testing for PE

D-Dimer focused testing for PE Here is a common scenario: The resident presents a case…
Paediatric Resuscitation
Apixaban for Stroke prevention in Subclinical Atrial FibrillationAtrial FibrillationBlog

Apixaban for Stroke prevention in Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation

Apixaban for Stroke prevention in Subclinical Atrial Fibrillation The first thing you might say is,…
canadian syncope rule
Cardiac Arrest complicating emergency airway managementAirwayBlogCardiac Arrest

Cardiac Arrest complicating emergency airway management

Cardiac Arrest complicating emergency airway management Emergency airway management and specifically intubation can be associated…
shocking asystole
Timing of Vasopressin initiation in septic shockBlogResuscitationSepsis

Timing of Vasopressin initiation in septic shock

Timing of Vasopressin initiation in septic shock Vasopressin is often used as a second line…
syringe technique jaw dislocation
Adrenaline or Airway first in cardiac arrest?AirwayBlogResuscitation

Adrenaline or Airway first in cardiac arrest?

Adrenaline or Airway first in cardiac arrest? Cardiac arrest has a poor survival rate. In…
emergency medicine mcqs
The Acute Treatment of Hyperkalaemia: A Systematic ReviewBlogEndocrineResuscitation

The Acute Treatment of Hyperkalaemia: A Systematic Review

The Acute Treatment of Hyperkalaemia: A Systematic Review Hyperkalaemia is relatively common. Severe hyperkalaemia is…
emergency medicine fellowships
Resolution of STEMI following OHCABlogCardiologyResuscitation

Resolution of STEMI following OHCA

Resolution of STEMI following OHCA This is secondary analysis of a paper which analysed the…
Blunt Cardiac Injury
New AHA PE Guidelines 2026Blogpulmonary embolismRespiratory

New AHA PE Guidelines 2026

The new Clinical Practice Guidelines by the AHA on the Evaluation and Management of Acute…
Complications of Bariatric Surgery
Do we need arterial lines in shock? The EVERDAC TrialBlogResuscitationShock

Do we need arterial lines in shock? The EVERDAC Trial

Do we need arterial lines in shock, or is non-invasive blood pressure monitoring adequate? There…
Complications of Bariatric Surgery
The PEACE Trial: ST Elevation post Cardiac ArrestBlogECG Of The WeekResuscitationSTEMI

The PEACE Trial: ST Elevation post Cardiac Arrest

What is the rate of coronary occlusion in out of hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA)? We…
Post-Tonsillectomy Haemorrhage
Femoral Artery Ultrasound in Cardiac ArrestBlogCardiac ArrestCardiac Resuscitation

Femoral Artery Ultrasound in Cardiac Arrest

The Study Cohen AL et al. Femoral artery Doppler ultrasound is more accurate than manual…
Aortic Dissection
Can D-dimer rule out Acute Aortic Syndrome?BlogCardiologyCardiovascular

Can D-dimer rule out Acute Aortic Syndrome?

Patients with acute aortic syndrome, may be very difficult to diagnose. Patients who present with…
screenshot-2025-10-15-at-4-47-52-pm
EPIC Trial: Pad placement for AF CardioversionArrhythmiasBlogCardiology

EPIC Trial: Pad placement for AF Cardioversion

When cardioverting patients in new atrial fibrillation, we want our first attempt to be our…
screenshot-2025-10-15-at-1-31-18-pm
STEMI Equivalents 2025BlogCardiologyECG

STEMI Equivalents 2025

STEMI Equivalents 2025 The 2025 Australian ACS Guidelines have just been published. Brieger, D, Cullen,…
templates-for-em-mastery-3
Can we distinguish refractory VF from other types of VF?BlogResuscitation

Can we distinguish refractory VF from other types of VF?

Poor clinical outcomes occur in patients with refractory Ventricular Fibrillation (VF), which is defined as…
screenshot-2025-08-31-at-12-46-04-pm-2
PEA: Let’s stop using thisBlogPaediatric Resuscitation

PEA: Let’s stop using this

Pulseless electrical activity (PEA) and asystole have a special place in our ACLS algorithm. The…
templates-for-em-mastery-9-2
Subsegmental Pulmonary EmbolismBlogCardiology

Subsegmental Pulmonary Embolism

How do you manage the patient with subsegmental pulmonary embolism(SSPE) or the incidental finding of…
emergency medicine fellowships
Learnings from EMCORE Sydney 2025BlogEMCORE

Learnings from EMCORE Sydney 2025

EMCORE Sydney 2025 was a great conference full of learning. Here are just a few…
templates-for-em-mastery-42
Abdollah’s ECG Sign and Limb Lead misplacementBlogECGECG LibraryECG Of The Week

Abdollah’s ECG Sign and Limb Lead misplacement

A patient in their 50's presents with 6 hours of chest pain and diaphoresis. The…
emergency medicine fellowships
IM Adrenaline in OHCABlogCardiac Resuscitation

IM Adrenaline in OHCA

Adrenaline is recommended for all cardiac arrests not due to shockable rhythms and is associated…
emergency medicine practice
A patient with Abdominal PainBlogCardiologyECG Of The Week

A patient with Abdominal Pain

A 58 yo patient presents with abdominal pain. No cause is found for the pain,…
emergency medicine education
Diagnostic Testing for Suspected SAH in the EDBlogNeurosurgery

Diagnostic Testing for Suspected SAH in the ED

Non-traumatic subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) accounts for 5% of acute headache presentations to the emergency department.…
emergency medicine education
Modified Valsalva plus Adenosine for reverting SVTBlogCardiologySVT

Modified Valsalva plus Adenosine for reverting SVT

Paroxysmal Supraventricular Tachycardia (PSVT), is a non-ischaemic tachyarrhythmia, with which patients, not uncommonly, present to…
medical education fellowship emergency medicine
Magnesium in Atrial Fibrillation: Does it Cardiovert ?BlogCardiologyECG Of The Week

Magnesium in Atrial Fibrillation: Does it Cardiovert ?

A 63 yo patient presents to the emergency department at 11pm at night in new…
Adrenaline vs Noradrenaline in post arrest hypotension
Adrenaline vs Noradrenaline post ResuscitationBlogBradycardiaCardiac ArrestCardiac ResuscitationResuscitationUncategorized

Adrenaline vs Noradrenaline post Resuscitation

Up to one third of patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest(OHCA) have impaired myocardial contractility and…
emergency and resuscitation medicine
Predicting Spontaneous Reversion of New Atrial FibrillationBlogCardiology

Predicting Spontaneous Reversion of New Atrial Fibrillation

What if we could predict which patients with recent onset of atrial fibrillation are more…
emergency medical education
Hyperkalaemia: Can the ECG predict when to treat?BlogECG Of The Week

Hyperkalaemia: Can the ECG predict when to treat?

A 65 yo patient with a history of hypertension and mild renal impairment, presents to…
cardiogenic shock
Inotropes and Vasopressors in Shock: Which one would you use?BlogCardiac Resuscitation

Inotropes and Vasopressors in Shock: Which one would you use?

 How do we choose the right pressor in shock? Below is a brief discussion…
emergency education
Is this VT or SVT?BlogECG Of The Week

Is this VT or SVT?

The CASE A 45 yo male is brought in by ambulance. They have been called…
A Case of Electrical Storm
A Case of Electrical StormArrhythmiasBlogCardiac ArrestVentricular Tachycardia

A Case of Electrical Storm

The CASE A 58 yo patient has called the ambulance, as he is having palpitations…
Pericarditis
PericarditisBlogCardiology

Pericarditis

CASE A 32 yo patient presents with a one week history of chest pain. The…
bigeminy management
Pulmonary EmbolismBlogCardiologyRespiratory

Pulmonary Embolism

CASE A 64 yo patient is referred to the emergency department(ED) with a persistent tachycardia.…
emergency medicine
Can the ECG help us differentiate PE from ACS?BlogCardiologyECG Of The WeekUncategorized

Can the ECG help us differentiate PE from ACS?

Pulmonary embolism(PE) and Acute Coronary Syndrome(ACS) causing ischaemia can sometimes be difficult to clinically differentiate.…
emergency medicine
Acute Aortic SyndromeBlogCardiology

Acute Aortic Syndrome

Here is a lecture from the very talented and entertaining Prof Joe Nameth, who spoke…
Adrenaline
Adrenaline: Which is the best dose to use?BlogCardiac ArrestResuscitation

Adrenaline: Which is the best dose to use?

Adrenaline is the most used drug in cardiac arrest. However we aren't quite sure what…
Emergency Medicine Education
AMAX4 Algorithm for Anaphylaxis and AsthmaAdvanced Airway TopicsAirwayAnaphylaxisBlogCardiac ArrestCardiac ResuscitationUncategorized

AMAX4 Algorithm for Anaphylaxis and Asthma

AMAX4 is a treatment algorithm for anaphylaxis and asthma resuscitation. It was developed by emergency…
screenshot-2023-08-22-at-3-22-56-pm
Reperfusion ArrhythmiasBlogECG Of The Week

Reperfusion Arrhythmias

A 68 yo patient presents with two hours of central chest pain and dyspnoea and…
Amiodarone vs Lidocaine
Amiodarone vs Lidocaine(Lignocaine) for VT/VF in-hospital cardiac arrestBlogCardiac ResuscitationResuscitation

Amiodarone vs Lidocaine(Lignocaine) for VT/VF in-hospital cardiac arrest

Amiodarone has been the first line therapy for VT/VF since 2000. At that time it…
Depolarisation -resus
Early Depolarisation and Sudden Cardiac DeathBlogCardiology

Early Depolarisation and Sudden Cardiac Death

A 28 yo patient presents to the emergency department following a syncopal episode. The patient…
Paediatric Resuscitation Guideline
Paediatric ResuscitationBlogPaediatric ResuscitationPediatric Resuscitation

Paediatric Resuscitation

Paediatric Resuscitation is stressful. However if we remember a few small points, it makes it…
SHOCKED
52 yo with chest pain an hypotensionBlogCardiac ResuscitationCardiologyCardiovascular

52 yo with chest pain an hypotension

INTERESTING CASE WITH A TWIST. Read the case or watch the video.   https://youtu.be/bj5-STj8Pok 52…
Capnography to guide ventilation in cardiac arrest - Resus
Capnography to guide ventilation in cardiac arrestAirwayBlog

Capnography to guide ventilation in cardiac arrest

The End tidal CO2 (ETCO2), is measured at the end of expiration and used to…
NOACs - Patient -Palpitations
NOACs and a Patient with PalpitationsBlogCardiology

NOACs and a Patient with Palpitations

Below is a case of a 60 yo patient with palpitations, who is commenced on…
Right Ventricular Spiral of Death
The Right Ventricular Spiral of DeathBlogCardiac ResuscitationCardiovascularpulmonary embolism

The Right Ventricular Spiral of Death

The right ventricular spiral of death in PE is very real and very scary. We…
Inotropes and Vasopressors
Inotropes and Vasopressors: Which one would you use?BlogCardiac Resuscitation

Inotropes and Vasopressors: Which one would you use?

Below are 2 cases we have all been confronted with, in the Emergency Department. Which…
Thoracic Aortic Dissection
Is it Thoracic Aortic Dissection?BlogCardiologyECGUncategorized

Is it Thoracic Aortic Dissection?

The Case A 58 yo patient presents to the emergency department with central crushing chest…
Risk Stratification -Sudden Headache
Risk Stratification of Sudden HeadacheBlogNeurology/NeurosurgeryNeurosurgery

Risk Stratification of Sudden Headache

This week we try something different. I interview the lead author of a recent paper…
Syncope patients - Emergency Medicine Education - RESUS
5 Things you Must do when Patients Present with SyncopeBlogCardiologyECG

5 Things you Must do when Patients Present with Syncope

Patients who present to the emergency department following a syncopal episode can be a diagnostic…
Cardioversion in Pregnancy
Cardioversion in Pregnancy: Is it Safe?BlogCardiologyCardiovascularObstetrics and GynaecologyResuscitation

Cardioversion in Pregnancy: Is it Safe?

Is cardioversion safe in the pregnant patient? A CASE A 24 yo female patient presents…
SVT - ischaemic arrhythmia - Emergency Medicine Education - RESUS
Is SVT an ischaemic arrhythmia?BlogCardiologyECGECG in 20 secondsECG Of The Week

Is SVT an ischaemic arrhythmia?

We often see patients presenting with SVT. They often have ST changes, so we have…
Dextrocardia
Dextrocardia: Can you pick it on ECG?BlogCardiologyECG

Dextrocardia: Can you pick it on ECG?

This is a great case that highlights how important it is, to know how to…
Spiked helmet sign - Ominous ECG Sign
An Ominous ECG SignBlogCardiologyECG

An Ominous ECG Sign

This is a fantastic case to learn from for a recent Circulation article(1) titled 'An…
Double Sequential External Defibrillation - Atrial Fibrillation
Double Sequential External Defibrillation for Atrial FibrillationBlogCardiac ResuscitationCardiology

Double Sequential External Defibrillation for Atrial Fibrillation

We know that Double Sequential(DSED) External Defibrillation has been used primarily for the treatment of…
DVT
Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of DVT and PEBlogCardiologyRespiratory

Guidelines for the Diagnosis and Management of DVT and PE

This is a review of the updated guidelines on Diagnosis and Management of DVT and…
Read CTPA - Emergency Medicine Education - Resus
How to Read the CTPAFellowship ExamRadiologyRespiratoryUncategorized

How to Read the CTPA

CTPA's are sometimes quite confusing to read. A simple approach, based on differentiating the anatomy…
ECG predictors - Arrhythmias
ECG predictors of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Elderly with SyncopeBlogCardiologyECG

ECG predictors of Cardiac Arrhythmias in Elderly with Syncope

CASE A 72 yo woman presents to your emergency department following an episode of syncope.…
Sir Thomas Lewis
Slow Atrial Fibrillation or Complete Heart Block: Lewis lead to the rescueBlogCardiologyECG

Slow Atrial Fibrillation or Complete Heart Block: Lewis lead to the rescue

A 90-year-old gentleman presents via ambulance to the ED. He has suffered a presyncopal episode…
Resuscitation Literature - Emergency Medicine Education - Resus
Resuscitation Literature Review October 2019BlogCardiac ResuscitationResuscitation

Resuscitation Literature Review October 2019

This week, I wanted to quickly review some of the latest resuscitation literature. Let's look…
The Lewis Lead - Resus
The Lewis LeadBlogCardiologyECGECG in 20 secondsECG Of The Week

The Lewis Lead

The Lewis lead(1), is a means of detecting atrial activity and can be used where…
Brugada Syndrome
Brugada SyndromeBlogCardiologyECGECG's I've Seen

Brugada Syndrome

A 25 year old male presents to the emergency department following a near syncopal episode.…
Adult Cardiac Resuscitation
11 Things to Maximise Adult Cardiac ResuscitationBlogCardiac ResuscitationCardiology

11 Things to Maximise Adult Cardiac Resuscitation

INTRODUCTION I was recently speaking with a colleague, about a recently published paper on ‘ideal’…

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Far far away, behind the word mountains, far from the countries Vokalia and Consonantia, there live the blind texts separated.

5th Univrsal Definition of MI
Blog

A new definition of Myocardial Infarction: What’s Changed

The Fifth Universal Definition of Myocardial Infarction makes a major change to the way we…
Should we anticoagulate Intermediate risk patients with AF
Uncategorized

Should we anticoagulate Intermediate risk patients with AF?

Should We Anticoagulate Intermediate-Risk AF? Atrial fibrillation clearly increases stroke risk, but what should we…
Cardiac Bootcamp Course
Atrial Fibrillation

AF and mitral stenosis: A killer combination for embolism?

Are patients with valvular atrial fibrillation(AF), at high risk of stroke if we cardiovert them?…
Literature runds
Uncategorized

During CPR, Every Breath Matters

During CPR, Every Breath Matters When we ventilate a patient during CPR, we tend to…